loader

Getting started in SRE, what are SLIs, SLOs, SLAs, and Error Budget?

Site Reliability Engineering or SRE in short is a term that got originated at Google during the mid-2000s. It defines a set of principles and practices that Google uses to run their systems at scale. Seeing the effectiveness of having an SRE team and in order to manage their systems at scale, organisations from diverse industries have begun to incorporate these ideas into their engineering culture these days. SREs are responsible for a wide range of duties, including assuring the availability of the service, setting up proper observability, visibility platforms for monitoring the service they are taking care of and setting up deployment pipelines to release code faster into their service to name a few. Also, one of the key distinctions between an SRE and a DevOps engineer is that an SRE should focus more on the reliability of the service. Reliability is defined as a service’s capacity to deliver its promised performance within a predetermined window of time. In this blog, we discuss an important aspect of the job of an SRE, which is defining SLIs, SLOs, SLAs and Error Budget which specifies how reliable the product or service is.

To help the reader better understand these metrics, we use the DevOps Malayalam community website, https://devopsmalayalam.io/ as an example to define these terms. In most organisations, SRE teams are typically structured based on service; also in these organisations that have an SRE team, most of the applications are based on microservice architecture and each functionality within an app would be subdivided into a particular service, here in this case of the DevOps Malayalam website, it is a static page website but in large scale production systems, for example like Gmail, Twitter, WhatsApp etc, it is constituted by multiple microservices that handles a variety of functions, for example, if a service handles payments made by customers on the “https://devopsmalayalam.io/” website, an SRE (or SRE team) would be responsible for primarily ensuring the availability and reliability of just this service. As another example, an SRE(or SRE team) would be allocated to a service that handles customer data related to this website and so based on the functionality SRE teams are usually assigned to managing a service within an application.

So imagine you got assigned to one of these teams as an SRE that manages the reliability of the DevOps Malayalam website. Users from across the world access the website using this endpoint(URL) https://devopsmalayalam.io/ that has been deployed in this case in the hosting provider FlexiCloud. I’ll explain here in simple terms, how we need to define SLI/O/A for this service.

So the key ideas that we will cover in this blog post are listed below:

  • First, we define what it means by SLI, SLO, SLA, and Error Budget.
  • Show an example of implementing these metrics, based DevOps Malayalam website.
  • Finally, a demo implementation of a simple method to configure an SLI based on this website’s HTTP response status code.

A few things for the reader to be aware of before we continue further:

  • This blog takes references from Google SRE and Google SRE Workbook books. I’ve tried to explain SLI/O/A further based on my understanding of these metrics and also shared a simple demo implementation of an SLI that anyone can implement as an SRE.
  • Also, SLI/O/A ‘s are usually defined keeping the business objective in mind these helps to achieve, but if we cannot connect them with business and customers in a real scenario there is no point in defining these metrics for a business or a service.
  • Further, these numbers for metrics are defined post a collective discussion between Product, Development, and SRE teams, I’ve set the numbers in this example depending on my context to help the reader understand these metrics better. In actual situations, decisions on the metrics are made after talks among the parties involved and are justified by the business teams inside the company.
  • The targeted audience for the blog is mainly beginners who are getting started in the SRE domain, to get an understanding of what these terminologies mean.

DEFINITION

“So what is this SLI/O/A and Error Budget all about?”

Service Level Indicators (SLIs)

SLI is a measurement of some characteristics of the service. When I say characteristics, there are 4 Golden Signals that impact a customer experience, these are:

  • Latency: The time it takes to service a request.
  • Traffic:  A measure of how much demand is being placed on your system.
  • Error rate: The rate of requests that fail.
  • Saturation: How “full” your service is.

To understand these characteristics better, you can read about them further in chapter 6 Monitoring Distributed Systems, of the Google SRE Workbook. So to explain SLI here in simple words based on our website, if we take Latency as a metric it means how much time it took for the user to get the response after calling the endpoint https://devopsmalayalam.io/. This is a quantitative metric, that is in an actual scenario an SLI here would look like for an example:

  • The time taken to return a successful response for a request should be less than 100 milliseconds (ms).

What this means is that depending on where the user is located, the endpoint may load in less than 99 milliseconds for a user in the USA and may take up to 105 milliseconds for a user in Russia and as you can see its a measurement, here it’s based on time to load the URL successfully. So SLI metrics are usually defined as quantitative metrics. What it means is that an SRE can measure the latency metric or response time to determine how long it takes for a user to load or receive a response from the endpoint.

SLI can be represented as a formula:

Service Level Objectives (SLO) 

The SLO defines a specific target based on the SLI we have set. For instance, in the earlier example of latency, the SLO would seem as follows after its defined.

  • 99% of all requests should be served under 100 ms over a period of 1 hour or
  • 99.9% of all requests should be served between 50 ms and 100 ms for a period of 1 month.

SLOs are a way to measure customer happiness and their expectations by ensuring that the SLIs are consistently met and are potentially reported before the customer notices an issue.  So for our website, SLOs would read something like this: imagine this application was accessed by 100 users in an hour using the application endpoint https://devopsmalayalam.io/, if 99 users were able to access the service within 100ms, it means that the SLO we defined has been fulfilled.

Service Level Agreements (SLA)

SLAs are based on SLOs. Represents the consequences of what happens when availability or user expectation fails. In the actual scenario, SLAs may look like the below.

  • 90% of all requests per day should be served under 100 ms; otherwise, 10$ of the daily subscription fee will be refunded to the customer, or
  • The service should be available with an uptime commitment of 99.9% in a 30-day period; else 4 hours of free usage will be added for the customer for the service in question if SLA is not met.

Most of the time, SLAs don’t exist or they are merely informal agreements between the Product, Development, and SRE teams. For example, as you know Gmail, and Google Maps are services used by customers across the world for free, Google doesn’t have an SLA between themselves and its customer’s that if Gmail is down for 1 hour in a month they will pay say for example 10$ to all its customer base that got affected during the time of any outage or something like that, but in this case, there would be an SLA between Gmail Product team and its Development team and SRE team like if SLA is not met for a time period then no major deployments to the service till the SLOs are respected by the Product/Development/SRE team who were responsible for breaking the SLA defined.

Error Budget

The error budget, which indicates the level of unreliability permitted for our service, is essentially the opposite of availability.  If your SLO says that 90% of requests should be successful in 1 hr, then your error budget allows 10% of requests to fail. That means out of 100 users accessing https://devopsmalayalam.io/ website, 10 users can fail to get a response within the limit set of 100 ms.

Error Budget can be calculated like below:
Error Budget = 100% − Success%
In our example case as already mentioned it’s 10% (100%-90% success rate).

Let’s move on to the second point in this blog, explaining these with an example.

EXAMPLE

Keeping the above things in mind, here I’m going to show how to implement a simple SLI and explain how to define SLO and SLA for a metric like HTTP response code for https://devopsmalayalam.io/. Typically, we use logs, metrics, or any other source of previous performance to calculate these measures, which requires configuring a data source and some complex calculations. Here we check the response code because availability is the first and most important feature that a service should offer. Uptime is another name for service availability. An application or service’s availability refers to its capacity to function at any time. A system will not function properly if it is not running.

Here we only calculate one SLI metric just to show an example and for anyone to get started, which is a periodic health check on the service (a ping or an HTTP GET). In an actual case, it differs and requires some calculations based on the formula mentioned above in the definition.

SLI/O/A metrics and Error Budget for DevOps Malayalam website based on response code.

So as an SRE, that cares about the reliability of the website https://devopsmalayalam.io/ we can define the metrics as follows.

SLI: The response code on calling the URL of the website https://devopsmalayalam.io/ should be a success, that is HTTP 200.

Ok so to explain this in simple terms, whenever the website is accessed it should be a success. Attached is a simple example below of calling the website endpoint using a tool like curl for reference to check its status code and you can see it returns a 200 status code which means it’s a success.

Now let’s see how we can define the SLO for this service.

SLO: 90% of the HTTP response code, measured over a period of 1 hour should be successful. That is if we access https://devopsmalayalam.io/ 100 times in an hour it should be successful (return HTTP 200) 90 times.

SLA: if 90% of requests did not return satisfactorily within the time period of 1 hour, we would return back say return $1 to the user’s account.
As already mentioned SLA is mainly between the Product team, the Development team, and the SRE team and not in general with users of the service, Gmail is an example.

Error Budget: In this example Error budget is 10%, which means 10 requests out of 100 within an hour are allowed to fail or send an HTTP response code other than 200 which is considered a failure.
Moving on to the final topic in this blog, which is implementing a simple SLI for a service.

DEMO

To implement a sample SLI and to make these explanations simple, we’ll use a script that periodically checks the website https://devopsmalayalam.io/ health and plot it in Grafana. This idea for calculating SLI is derived from an example mentioned by authors in SRE Workbook, refer snapshot below.

snippet illustrating the source of inspiration for the demo SLI implementation in this blog, as indicated in Chapter 2 of the Google SRE WorkBook.

Please note that at this point, in the demo part we are only implementing the SLI and not moving on to the SLO, SLA or Error Budget.

Before starting, it’s better to have an idea about the below.

  1. Grafana
  2. Graphite
  3. Golang
  4. HTTP response codes

For plotting the SLI, here I use a simple Golang script that checks the response code of the URL  https://devopsmalayalam.io/, the logic for the code is pretty simple here we just check the HTTP response code and push it to Graphite, its time-series metrics collection tool so we cannot push string values instead we just push “integer 1 if the service is up( that is if the URL returns HTTP 200), and integer 0 if its down(for all other response code’s)”,  a snippet of the code to calculate the SLI for this availability metric is mentioned below.  To refer the full code, please check here.

snippet of the code for getting the HTTP response code and pushing it to Graphite using Golang.

In Grafana, we use Graphite as the data source and plot the status in the user interface as a dashboard, attached below for reference.

So this is a simple SLI metric representation, in reality, it will be more complex and based on logs and other metrics it will be calculated, the purpose here is to help new SREs get started with implementing something, to begin with.

Further, the above script can be implemented as a cron job and set at a fixed frequency so it calculates the SLI, in my case, I implement this as Lambda and set a trigger in the AWS Cloudwatch Event tool to trigger every 5 mins or so to push the status. This graphical representation of the status code can also be achieved to an extent by utilising the Blackbox exporter, Prometheus and Grafana as well. I just explained it in code because as an SRE 50% of the time you are expected to write code and 50% for working on engineering project works.

We haven’t calculated SLO, Error budget, using the script, I have just shown how to implement SLI only based on a suggestion mentioned in the Google SRE Workbook.

CONCLUSION

We come to the end of this blog, hope this helps anyone getting started as SRE to understand what these SLI/O/A is all about. Sharing the key takeaways from the blog.

  • We defined what SLIs, SLO, SLA’s, and Error Budgets mean.
  • Showed an example of how to configure a single SLI/O/A metric based on https://devopsmalayalam.io/ website’s response code.
  • A demo implementation of a very basic SLI for DevOps Malayalam website based on its HTTP response code.

Additionally, sharing a few helpful links if you want to read more about any of the technical terms I’ve used here.

REFERENCE

For developing the blog, the following articles are cited here:

  1. https://sre.google/workbook/table-of-contents/
  2. https://www.squadcast.com/blog/the-key-differences-between-sli-slo-and-sla-in-sre
  3. https://sre.google/sre-book/table-of-contents/
  4. https://www.atlassian.com/incident-management/devops/sre

If you would like to connect with me, I am on Linkedin.

Comments (187)

  1. [email protected] Reply

    sed qui consequatur numquam minus dolor adipisci nihil fuga autem nihil cum ut quae porro. ipsam et reiciendis voluptate nulla adipisci repudiandae numquam. id beatae pariatur quaerat alias dignissimo

  2. Agen888 Reply

    Agen888 will visit this blog always, thanks

  3. CharlesRhirm Reply

    Точно актуальные события мировых подиумов.
    Исчерпывающие новости самых влиятельных подуимов.
    Модные дома, бренды, haute couture.
    Самое приятное место для модных людей.
    https://modastars.ru/

  4. Iklan Jual Beli Properti Rumah Reply

    So many people want to become property agent, please check this out Pasang Iklan Properti, we will help you gain commision

  5. Michaelmuh Reply

    Наиболее актуальные новости мира fashion.
    Абсолютно все мероприятия всемирных подуимов.
    Модные дома, торговые марки, гедонизм.
    Интересное место для стильныех хайпбистов.
    https://donnafashion.ru/

  6. Jasa Pasang Iklan Properti Reply

    Your blog is a game-changer Thanks for sharing your wisdom! Pasang Iklan Properti

  7. Eugenewex Reply

    Точно важные события индустрии.
    Абсолютно все мероприятия лучших подуимов.
    Модные дома, бренды, высокая мода.
    Интересное место для модных хайпбистов.
    https://mvmedia.ru/novosti/282-vybiraem-puhovik-herno-podrobnyy-gayd/

  8. Agen888 Reply

    Agen888 will visit this blog always

  9. ThomasDiext Reply

    Абсолютно важные новинки индустрии.
    Важные новости лучших подуимов.
    Модные дома, торговые марки, гедонизм.
    Приятное место для модных хайпбистов.
    https://lecoupon.ru/

  10. Situs Iklan Properti Reply

    Salam kenal admin, pasti akan sering berkunjung ke website Anda juga. IDProperti.com | Pasang Iklan Properti

  11. Jan de Vries Reply

    De knoop doorhakken pepe88 betekent Een beslissing nemen.

  12. Pieter van Dijk Reply

    Geen omweg maken pepe88 betekent Rechtdoor gaan.

  13. [email protected] Reply

    modi dolore corrupti optio ratione a aut quae debitis. sint omnis et qui deserunt odio soluta sapiente quia aut enim. incidunt cum saepe similique voluptatum explicabo sed itaque. voluptatum a ex susc

  14. Davidneill Reply

    Наиболее свежие новости мира fashion.
    Важные новости мировых подуимов.
    Модные дома, бренды, гедонизм.
    Интересное место для модных хайпбистов.
    https://qrmoda.ru/fashion/361-manzoni-24-italyanskiy-mehovoy-shik/

  15. Jasa Pasang Iklan Properti Reply

    Your articles are always worth reading Keep up the great work! Pasang Iklan Properti

  16. Agen888 Reply

    Super Beitrag über deutsche Weine! agen888 Die empfohlenen Weingüter stehen jetzt ganz oben auf meiner Liste.

  17. Agen888 Reply

    Dank dir habe ich neue Ideen für mein nächstes Wochenende in Frankfurt. agen888 Der Event-Kalender sieht vielversprechend aus.

  18. Glennatted Reply

    Самые важные новинки мировых подиумов.
    Актуальные события мировых подуимов.
    Модные дома, бренды, высокая мода.
    Новое место для трендовых хайпбистов.
    https://stylecross.ru/read/2024-06-19-lacoste-kachestvennyy-premium-po-tsene-mass-marketa/

  19. Agen888 Reply

    Super Beitrag über deutsche Weine! agen888 Die empfohlenen Weingüter stehen jetzt ganz oben auf meiner Liste.

  20. Tmail Reply

    I do trust all the ideas youve presented in your post They are really convincing and will definitely work Nonetheless the posts are too short for newbies May just you please lengthen them a bit from next time Thank you for the post.

  21. Pasang Iklan Sewa Properti Reply

    Tulisan yang menarik, terima kasih atas berbaginya. Salam dari IDProperti.com | Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  22. CliftonClinY Reply

    Точно актуальные новости моды.
    Все эвенты лучших подуимов.
    Модные дома, лейблы, высокая мода.
    Самое лучшее место для стильныех хайпбистов.
    https://world.lepodium.net/

  23. Situs Iklan Jual Beli Rumah Reply

    Very informative article. I enjoyed reading it! Regards, Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  24. Tempat Pasang Iklan Jual Properti Reply

    Informasi dari teman, ternyata isinya memang bermanfaat semua. Terima kasih, IDProperti.com | Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  25. Cara Iklan Rumah Kost Reply

    Really enjoyed this post. Check out my blog as well, Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  26. Jasa Iklan Properti Online Reply

    Always eagerly awaiting your next post Regards from IDProperticom

  27. agen888.com Reply

    The tips for a successful job interview in Germany are very useful. agen888 I will keep them in mind next time.

  28. agen888.com Reply

    Der Beitrag über deutsche Literaturklassiker war spannend. agen888 Ich habe jetzt eine lange Leseliste für den Winter!

  29. agen888.com Reply

    Ich schätze die Tipps für ein gesundes Leben in Deutschland sehr. agen888 Deine Ratschläge sind praktisch und umsetzbar.

  30. agen888.com Reply

    The article about German automotive history was very informative. agen888 I now have a better understanding of the brands I love.

  31. RobertJag Reply

    Несомненно свежие новости подиума.
    Актуальные эвенты лучших подуимов.
    Модные дома, лейблы, гедонизм.
    Лучшее место для стильныех людей.
    https://rftimes.ru/news/2024-08-14-7-samyh-kultovyh-veshchey-ot-balenciaga

  32. Harveybof Reply

    Очень свежие события модного мира.
    Абсолютно все мероприятия лучших подуимов.
    Модные дома, бренды, высокая мода.
    Новое место для стильныех людей.
    https://hypebeasts.ru/stuff/2024-08-18-demna-gvasaliya-ikona-sovremennoy-mody/

  33. Michaelbup Reply

    Полностью актуальные события подиума.
    Исчерпывающие новости мировых подуимов.
    Модные дома, бренды, высокая мода.
    Приятное место для трендовых хайпбистов.
    https://rftimes.ru/news/2023-11-28-skandal-vokrug-butikov-nikity-efremova

  34. Pasang Iklan Jual Apartemen Reply

    Blog dengan konten terbaik ada di sini, terima kasih dari IDProperti.com | Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  35. Pasang Iklan Jual Ruko Reply

    Your blog is a game-changer Thanks for sharing your wisdom! Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  36. Pasang Iklan Rumah Kost Reply

    Terima kasih atas artikel yang bermanfaat. Semangat dari IDProperti.com | Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  37. Pasang Iklan Jual Properti Reply

    This blog consistently provides valuable insights Warm regards from IDProperticom

  38. Pasang Iklan Kost Bulanan Gratis Reply

    This article really got me thinking Thanks for sharing your insights! Greetings from IDProperticom

  39. Pasang Iklan Sewa Kios Gratis Reply

    Always a pleasure to read your articles Regards from IDProperticom

  40. Pasang Iklan Sewa Kios Gratis Reply

    Your blog is my go-to for quality content Regards, Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  41. Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis Reply

    Salam kenal admin, pasti akan sering berkunjung ke website Anda juga. IDProperti.com | Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  42. IDProperti.com Reply

    Starting my day with your blog always sets a positive tone Thanks for the great content! Greetings from IDProperticom

  43. Tempat Pasang Iklan Properti Reply

    Your blog is very informative. I appreciated this article. Best, Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  44. pEpE88 Reply

    Unter vier Augen sprechen pepe88 Ein privates Gespräch führen

  45. PePe88 Reply

    In der Klemme stecken pepe88 In einer schwierigen Lage oder Notlage sein

  46. pepe88 Reply

    Über den Tellerrand schauen pepe88 Über den Tellerrand hinausdenken oder über die eigene Situation hinausblicken

  47. PePe88 Reply

    Morgenstund hat Gold im Mund pepe88 Der frühe Vogel fängt den Wurm.

  48. TikTok Downloader Reply

    Your writing has a way of making even the most complex topics accessible and engaging. I’m constantly impressed by your ability to distill complicated concepts into easy-to-understand language.

  49. PePe88 Reply

    Den Boden unter den Füßen verlieren pepe88 Sich überwältigt fühlen oder die Kontrolle verlieren

  50. pepe88 Reply

    Besser spät als nie pepe88 Besser spät als nie

  51. pEpE88 Reply

    Falsche Fuffziger pepe88 Bezieht sich auf etwas oder jemanden, der falsch oder täuschend ist.

  52. pepe88 Reply

    Durch den Wind sein pepe88 Verwirrt oder desorientiert sein

  53. pepe88 Reply

    Über den eigenen Schatten springen pepe88 Eigene Begrenzungen oder Ängste überwinden

  54. pEpE88 Reply

    Ein Herz und eine Seele sein pepe88 Sehr nah oder in perfekter Harmonie sein.

  55. pepe88 Reply

    Ab und zu pepe88 Gelegentlich oder hin und wieder.

  56. pEpE88 Reply

    Von allen guten Geistern verlassen sein pepe88 Unvernünftig oder verrückt handeln.

  57. Pasang Iklan Kost Reply

    This post was extremely engaging and well-written. Thanks for the valuable insights! Regards, Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  58. Pasang Iklan Kost Bulanan Gratis Reply

    Your blog is my go-to for insightful articles Regards from Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  59. Property Pasang Iklan Reply

    Wow, what a fantastic article! Your ability to break down complex concepts into easily digestible segments is truly admirable. This piece is both informative and thought-provoking, and it’s clear that you have a deep understanding of the subject matter. Thank you for this enlightening read. Cheers, Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  60. Pasang Iklan Sewa Tanah Reply

    Artikel ini sangat memukau dengan gaya penulisan yang menarik dan penjelasan yang mendalam. Setiap bagian artikel ini memberikan wawasan baru yang sangat berguna. Terima kasih atas kontribusi yang sangat berharga ini. Salam sukses, Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  61. Pasang Iklan Jual Properti Reply

    Very insightful article! Your writing style is engaging. Best regards, Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  62. Pasang Iklan Rumah Kost Reply

    Kapan pun harus meninggalkan komentar untuk artikel yang bagus. Salam dari IDProperti.com | Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  63. pepe88 Reply

    Mit dem Kopf durch die Wand wollen pepe88 Sehr stur oder entschlossen sein

  64. pEpE88 Reply

    Sich in den Arsch beißen pepe88 Etwas bereuen oder wünschen, man hätte anders gehandelt.

  65. pEPE88 Reply

    Zwei Fliegen mit einer Klappe schlagen pepe88 Zwei Probleme auf einmal lösen.

  66. Pepe88 Reply

    Sich nicht auf die faule Haut legen pepe88 Aktiv bleiben und nicht faul sein

  67. pEpE88 Reply

    Von der Stange kaufen pepe88 Etwas von der Stange kaufen; nicht maßgeschneidert.

  68. PEPE88 Reply

    Abgerechnet wird zum Schluss pepe88 Die Abrechnung erfolgt am Ende

  69. pepe88 Reply

    Die Flinte ins Korn werfen pepe88 Aufgeben oder kapitulieren

  70. pEPE88 Reply

    Sich in den Arsch beißen pepe88 Etwas bereuen oder wünschen, man hätte anders gehandelt

  71. PePe88 Reply

    Mit jemandem unter vier Augen sprechen pepe88 Ein privates Gespräch mit jemandem führen.

  72. pEPE88 Reply

    Sich in den Arsch beißen pepe88 Etwas bereuen oder sich selbst kritisieren.

  73. pEpE88 Reply

    Sprechenden Menschen kann geholfen werden pepe88 Ein Problem kann angegangen werden, wenn es kommuniziert wird

  74. PEPE88 Reply

    Wie ein Elefant im Porzellanladen pepe88 Ungeschickt oder störend handeln.

  75. Pepe88 Reply

    Von allen guten Geistern verlassen sein pepe88 Unvernünftig oder verrückt handeln

  76. PePe88 Reply

    Den Faden verlieren pepe88 Den roten Faden verlieren oder den Gedanken verlieren

  77. pepe88 Reply

    In die Pedale treten pepe88 In die Pedale treten oder sich anstrengen.

  78. PePe88 Reply

    Jemanden in den Himmel loben pepe88 Jemanden übermäßig loben.

  79. pEPE88 Reply

    Wie ein Elefant im Porzellanladen pepe88 Ungeschickt oder störend handeln

  80. MarvinNah Reply

    Несомненно трендовые новинки мира fashion.
    Исчерпывающие мероприятия самых влиятельных подуимов.
    Модные дома, лейблы, высокая мода.
    Свежее место для стильныех людей.
    https://murmansk.rftimes.ru/news/2024-04-09-raspisanie-translyatsiy-finala-kubka-sodruzhestva-po-biatlonu-v-murmanske

  81. PEPE88 Reply

    De koe bij de horens vatten pepe88 – Ein Problem direkt angehen.

  82. pepe88 Reply

    Iemand in het zadel helpen pepe88 – Jemandem bei etwas zum Erfolg verhelfen.

  83. PEPE88 Reply

    Iets op de lange baan schuiven pepe88 – Etwas aufschieben oder verschieben.

  84. pEPE88 Reply

    Alles in de haak pepe88 – Wird verwendet, um zu sagen, dass alles in Ordnung und geregelt ist.

  85. pepe88 Reply

    Een heet hangijzer pepe88 – Ein heikles Thema.

  86. pEPE88 Reply

    De stekker eruit trekken pepe88 – Etwas beenden oder stoppen.

  87. pEpE88 Reply

    De plank misslaan pepe88 – Vorbei an der Sache; einen Fehler machen.

  88. pEpE88 Reply

    Met iemand in de clinch liggen pepe88 – Mit jemandem in Konflikt stehen.

  89. PEPE88 Reply

    Iemand uit de brand helpen pepe88 – Jemandem in einer schwierigen Situation helfen.

  90. pepe88 Reply

    Een oogje in het zeil houden pepe88 – Etwas überwachen oder im Auge behalten.

  91. PePe88 Reply

    Tussen wal en schip vallen pepe88 – In eine unangenehme oder ungünstige Lage geraten.

  92. FloydFuesk Reply

    Несомненно свежие события подиума.
    Важные мероприятия лучших подуимов.
    Модные дома, лейблы, haute couture.
    Новое место для трендовых хайпбистов.
    https://enovosibirsk.ru/read/2024-01-03-aviadeboshiry-zaderzhany-v-yakutii-desyatki-reysov-zaderzhivayutsya-v-sibiri/

  93. PePe88 Reply

    Met de neus omhoog lopen pepe88 – Stolz oder überheblich sein.

  94. canadian pharmaceuticals Reply

    Everyone loves what you guys tend to be up too. This type of clever work and reporting! Keep up the excellent works guys I’ve included you guys to my blogroll.

  95. Brianfar Reply

    Стильные заметки по созданию отличных видов на каждый день.
    Статьи профессионалов, новости, все новые коллекции и мероприятия.
    https://sochidaily.ru/read/2024-09-10-demna-gvasaliya-ikona-sovremennoy-mody-i-kreativnyy-revolyutsioner

  96. Pasang Iklan Sewa Gedung Gratis Reply

    Informasi dari teman, ternyata isinya memang bermanfaat semua. Terima kasih, IDProperti.com | Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  97. Pasang Iklan Hotel Reply

    Your articles are a masterpiece Thanks for sharing your expertise! Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  98. Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis Reply

    This post was both informative and engaging. I learned a lot. Best wishes, Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  99. Pasang Iklan Sewa Ruko Reply

    I found this article very useful and engaging. Cheers and thanks for the share! Best, Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  100. Tempat Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis Reply

    Great insights and well-presented content. Thanks for another excellent article! Regards, Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  101. Iklan Jual Rumah Reply

    Your articles are so informative and easy to understand Thanks for sharing! Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  102. Tempat Pasang Iklan Rumah Gratis Reply

    I’m always amazed by the quality of your articles Regards, Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  103. Cara Iklan Rumah Reply

    Drinking coffee and reading your blog—perfect combo! Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  104. Pasang Iklan Sewa Kios Reply

    Your dedication to quality content is truly admirable Best regards from IDProperticom

  105. Thomaswam Reply

    Стильные заметки по созданию модных луков на любой день.
    Мнения стилистов, новости, все новые коллекции и мероприятия.
    https://sochidaily.ru/read/2024-09-10-demna-gvasaliya-ikona-sovremennoy-mody-i-kreativnyy-revolyutsioner

  106. tlover tonet Reply

    I think this is one of the so much significant info for me. And i’m happy studying your article. However should commentary on few common issues, The site taste is wonderful, the articles is actually great : D. Good process, cheers

  107. user-109808 Reply

    awesome

  108. spacenet one television Reply

    I have read so many posts on the topic of the blogger lovers except this paragraph is
    truly a good post, keep it up.

  109. JaredAgrip Reply

    Стильные советы по выбору стильных луков на каждый день.
    Мнения стилистов, события, все показы и мероприятия.
    https://luxe-moda.ru/chic/499-10-maloizvestnyh-faktov-o-demne-gvasalii/

  110. CharlesRox Reply

    Стильные советы по выбору стильных образов на каждый день.
    Обзоры стилистов, события, все дропы и шоу.
    https://lecoupon.ru/news/2024-09-26-5-samyh-udachnyh-modeley-krossovok-dolce-gabbana/

  111. DavidTex Reply

    Стильные заметки по подбору стильных видов на каждый день.
    Обзоры экспертов, события, все новинки и шоу.
    https://superlooks.ru/events/112-plein-sport-stilnaya-obuv-ot-philipp-plein/

  112. DannyRen Reply

    Точно важные события индустрии.
    Актуальные эвенты самых влиятельных подуимов.
    Модные дома, бренды, haute couture.
    Лучшее место для модных хайпбистов.
    https://outstreet.ru/yeah/11164-5-stilnyh-modeley-chasov-guess-dlya-devushki-v-2024-godu/

  113. JasonskivY Reply

    Стильные заметки по подбору стильных образов на любой день.
    Обзоры профессионалов, события, все показы и мероприятия.
    https://luxe-moda.ru/chic/505-7-luchshih-sumok-guess-dlya-pokupki-v-2024-godu-stil-i-funktsionalnost/

  114. BriannoM Reply

    Стильные советы по выбору стильных образов на каждый день.
    Заметки экспертов, события, все новые коллекции и шоу.
    https://sochidaily.ru/read/2024-04-17-lyuksovyy-brend-golden-goose-rastet-nebyvalymi-tempami

  115. DexterHoany Reply

    Модные заметки по созданию модных образов на каждый день.
    Заметки профессионалов, новости, все новинки и мероприятия.
    https://whitezorro.ru/zorro/45-krossovki-new-balance-580-stilnyy-casual-dlya-bolshogo-goroda/

  116. MichaelCloub Reply

    Модные заметки по подбору крутых луков на любой день.
    Статьи стилистов, события, все дропы и шоу.
    https://watches.superpodium.com/fashion/2804-7-reasons-to-love-patek-philippe-nautilus/

  117. 카지노 Reply

    Do you need to earn money without much effort? if you know how to gamble it will be easy for you, if you need more information just visit this site to help you even more.
    https://main7.top

  118. ClintonSmorn Reply

    Стильные советы по подбору превосходных образов на любой день.
    Заметки стилистов, события, все дропы и шоу.
    https://watches.superpodium.com/

  119. Kennethtrilm Reply

    Patek Philippe is an iconic Swiss watchmaker respected for its exquisite watchmaking. Established in 1839, the brand continues to uphold a legacy of excellence. Luxury watch fans highly value Patek Philippe for its innovations and unique models.
    https://patek.superpodium.com

  120. MarcusDow Reply

    Бренд Balenciaga является выдающимся модных домов, который создался в первой половине 20 века легендарным кутюрье Кристобалем Баленсиагой. Бренд известен экстравагантными стилистическими приемами и неординарными формами, противоречат традиционным представлениям о моде.
    https://balenciaga.whitesneaker.ru/

  121. Cara Iklan Sewa Rumah Reply

    This article was a great read. Your insights and analysis are spot on. Best wishes, Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  122. Pasang Iklan Sewa Properti Reply

    This article is absolutely phenomenal. The quality of your writing and the depth of your insights are impressive. You’ve conveyed complex topics with remarkable clarity and precision. I’m grateful for this valuable contribution. Best wishes, Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  123. Iklan Jual Beli Apartemen Reply

    Artikel ini adalah contoh dari penulisan yang luar biasa dan sangat bermanfaat. Setiap bagian ditulis dengan sangat jelas dan mendalam, memberikan wawasan baru yang berharga. Terima kasih atas kontribusi yang sangat informatif ini. Salam hangat, Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  124. Pasang Iklan Sewa Gedung Gratis Reply

    Your perspective resonates deeply with me Warm regards from IDProperticom

  125. Iklan Apartemen Dijual Cepat Reply

    Your dedication to providing informative content is commendable Best regards from IDProperticom

  126. Tempat Pasang Iklan Sewa Rumah Reply

    Saya sangat kagum dengan artikel ini! Penjelasan yang mendalam dan gaya penulisan yang menarik membuat bacaan ini sangat bermanfaat. Terima kasih atas karya yang sangat berkualitas ini. Salam hangat, Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  127. Iklan Jual Beli Properti Gratis Reply

    Engaging and thought-provoking, as always Thanks for sharing! IDProperticom

  128. Pasang Iklan Sewa Kios Reply

    This blog consistently provides valuable insights Warm regards from IDProperticom

  129. Pasang Iklan Sewa Tempat Usaha Gratis Reply

    This was an excellent and engaging article. I learned a lot from it. Thanks, Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  130. Situs Iklan Properti Reply

    Such a well-written piece Keep up the great work! Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  131. Situs Iklan Jual Beli Rumah Reply

    Always learning something new from your insightful articles Keep up the great work! Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  132. Cara Iklan Jual Rumah Reply

    Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis helps Indonesian people sell their properties and gain passive income from renting

  133. drover sointeru Reply

    Hi! This is my first visit to your blog! We are a collection of volunteers and starting a new project in a community in the same niche. Your blog provided us beneficial information to work on. You have done a wonderful job!

  134. Pasang Iklan Jual Gedung Gratis Reply

    Your content is always so insightful. This article was particularly helpful. Best regards, Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  135. Pasang Iklan Sewa Rumah Gratis Reply

    Your article is a testament to your exceptional writing skills. The clarity and depth of your analysis are remarkable. You’ve managed to convey complex topics with impressive precision and accessibility. This is a truly outstanding piece of work. Regards, Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  136. Pasang Iklan Jual Sewa Properti Reply

    Meninggalkan komentar untuk menjadikannya viral, terima kasih dari IDProperti.com | Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  137. Elijahnub Reply

    Bottega Veneta — это престижный итальянский бренд, известный неповторимым стилем. Основанный в 1960-х, бренд стал символом стиля и элегантности и славится стремлением к минимализму. Продукция Bottega Veneta воплощает искусность и внимательность к деталям, а также превосходное качество материалов.
    Модная одежда Fendi – официальный сайт Bottega Veneta

  138. Pasang Iklan Jual Kios Gratis Reply

    Harus meninggalkan komentar untuk artikel yang inspiratif seperti ini, terima kasih dari IDProperti.com | Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  139. Iklan Rumah Dijual Cepat Reply

    Artikel ini menunjukkan tingkat keahlian dan dedikasi yang sangat tinggi. Penjelasan yang Anda berikan sangat jelas dan mendetail. Bacaan ini sangat bermanfaat dan membuka wawasan baru bagi saya. Terima kasih banyak atas karya yang sangat berharga ini. Salam hangat, Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  140. Pasang Iklan Jual Tanah Gratis Reply

    Sungguh artikel yang sangat menginspirasi. Terima kasih atas berbaginya. Salam dari IDProperti.com | Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  141. Michaelter Reply

    На этом сайте доступны оригинальные сумки Bottega Veneta. Здесь предлагается купить трендовые модели, которые подчеркнут ваш стиль. Каждая сумка обладает высочайшим качеством, что свойственно бренду Bottega Veneta
    https://gorillasocialwork.com/story19525693/bottega-veneta

  142. Pasang Iklan Sewa Apartemen Reply

    Sungguh artikel yang sangat menginspirasi. Terima kasih atas berbaginya. Salam dari IDProperti.com | Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  143. Pasang Iklan Jual Hotel Gratis Reply

    I’m impressed by your creativity Cheers! Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  144. Pasang Iklan Rumah Reply

    Another excellent read Thanks for keeping your content so engaging! Greetings from IDProperticom

  145. Iklan Jual Ruko Reply

    Artikel yang sangat baik, sangat informatif. Terima kasih sudah membagikannya! Salam, Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  146. Davidmisse Reply

    Бренд Тиссо — легендарный Швейцарский производитель часовых часов, который славится своим первоклассным качеством и стильным дизайном. Уже более 150 лет фирма создаёт современные хронометры, что пользуются доверие по всему миру.
    https://tissot.icefashion.ru

  147. Pasang Iklan Jual Rumah Reply

    I enjoyed your article and learned a lot. Best wishes, Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  148. Pasang Iklan Jual Properti Reply

    Saya sangat terkesan dengan kualitas artikel ini. Penjelasan yang mendalam dan gaya penulisan yang menarik membuat bacaan ini sangat informatif dan menyenangkan. Terima kasih atas kontribusi yang sangat berharga ini. Salam sukses, Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  149. Где купить Bottega Veneta Reply

    Официальный интернет-магазин Боттега Венета предлагает разнообразие эксклюзивных товаров от легендарного бренда. В нашем каталоге вы сможете выбрать и купить продукцию актуальных коллекций с возможностью доставки по Москве и всей России.
    https://bottega-official.ru

  150. Iklan Sewa Apartemen Reply

    I thoroughly enjoyed your post. It was very well written! Cheers, Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  151. Pasang Iklan Sewa Properti Reply

    I’m thoroughly impressed by the quality of this article. Your ability to break down complex ideas and present them clearly is remarkable. The depth of your research and the clarity of your writing make this an exceptional read. Thank you for such a valuable contribution. Cheers, Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  152. Pasang Iklan Sewa Rumah Gratis Reply

    Bacaan ini benar-benar menunjukkan keahlian Anda dalam menjelaskan topik yang rumit dengan cara yang sangat jelas dan mendalam. Setiap bagian memberikan wawasan baru yang sangat berguna. Terima kasih atas artikel yang sangat informatif ini. Salam sukses, Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  153. Pasang Iklan Sewa Kios Gratis Reply

    Artikel yang sangat menarik, sangat berterima kasih telah berbagi. IDProperti.com | Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  154. Iklan Sewa Rumah Reply

    Sungguh artikel yang sangat menginspirasi. Terima kasih atas berbaginya. Salam dari IDProperti.com | Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  155. Kost Cepat Laku Reply

    Artikel ini adalah contoh luar biasa dari penulisan yang bermanfaat dan menarik. Anda berhasil menjelaskan topik yang kompleks dengan cara yang sangat jelas dan terperinci. Terima kasih banyak atas karya yang sangat berkualitas ini. Salam hangat, Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  156. Gedung Cepat Laku Reply

    Terima kasih atas artikel yang bermanfaat. Semangat dari IDProperti.com | Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  157. Danielmix Reply

    Здесь можно купить брендовые товары от бренда Gucci . Большой выбор включает обувь и аксессуары , для любого стиля .
    https://boutique.gucci1.ru

  158. Pasang Iklan Jual Sewa Properti Reply

    This was an excellent read! Your writing is clear and insightful. Regards, Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  159. Tempat Pasang Iklan Rumah Gratis Reply

    Excellent article, very useful information. Cheers, Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  160. Pasang Iklan Rumah Reply

    Your content is always so insightful. This article was particularly helpful. Best regards, Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  161. Pasang Iklan Sewa Apartemen Gratis Reply

    This article is a true gem! Your writing is both insightful and engaging, and the depth of your research is evident throughout. You’ve managed to present complex topics with exceptional clarity. I’m thoroughly impressed by this outstanding piece of work. Cheers, Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  162. Pasang Iklan Jual Ruko Surabaya Reply

    Enjoyed the read and learned a lot. Visit my site too, Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  163. Pasang Iklan Sewa Tempat Usaha Reply

    Saya sangat kagum dengan artikel ini! Penjelasan yang mendalam dan gaya penulisan yang menarik membuat bacaan ini sangat bermanfaat. Terima kasih atas karya yang sangat berkualitas ini. Salam hangat, Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  164. Pasang Iklan Jual Properti Reply

    Really enjoyed this blog post. Thanks for the valuable information! Regards, Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  165. Pasang Iklan Sewa Kios Gratis Reply

    Your articles never fail to impress Warm regards from IDProperticom

  166. Pasang Iklan Jual Sewa Properti Gratis Reply

    Saya sangat menghargai konten di sini. Silakan kunjungi blog saya juga, Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  167. Pasang Iklan Kost Reply

    Bacaan ini benar-benar menunjukkan keahlian Anda dalam menjelaskan topik yang rumit dengan cara yang sangat jelas dan mendalam. Setiap bagian memberikan wawasan baru yang sangat berguna. Terima kasih atas artikel yang sangat informatif ini. Salam sukses, Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  168. Pasang Iklan Ruko Reply

    Website ini memang pilihan terbaik untuk membaca artikel berkualitas. Terima kasih telah berbagi, IDProperti.com | Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  169. Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis Reply

    Your articles are consistently enlightening and enjoyable Thank you from IDProperticom!

  170. Tempat Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis Reply

    This article is a must-read Thanks for sharing! Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  171. Pasang Iklan Jual Kios Gratis Reply

    Your article was both engaging and informative. I learned a lot. Thanks, Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  172. Shawncaple Reply

    продвижение в гугл

  173. Pasang Iklan Tempat Kost Gratis Reply

    Great job on this article! The insights are spot on. Cheers, Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  174. Pasang Iklan Sewa Tempat Usaha Gratis Reply

    Sambil menikmati kopi, artikel ini sungguh menyegarkan pikiran. Terima kasih atas berbaginya. Salam dari IDProperti.com | Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  175. Tempat Pasang Iklan Properti Reply

    Great job on this article! The insights are spot on. Cheers, Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  176. Kelvinhes Reply

    Здесь можно заказать кроссовки New Balance с отличным качеством. Оцените модель, которая вам подойдет в каталоге.
    https://bookmarkuse.com/story18293451/new-balance-550

  177. Pasang Iklan Rumah Kost Reply

    Tulisan yang menarik, terima kasih atas berbaginya. Salam dari IDProperti.com | Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  178. Pasang Iklan Jual Kos-Kosan Reply

    Starting my day with your blog always sets a positive tone Thanks for the great content! Greetings from IDProperticom

  179. Pasang Iklan Sewa Kios Reply

    Terima kasih atas artikel yang bermanfaat. Semangat dari IDProperti.com | Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  180. Tempat Pasang Iklan Sewa Rumah Reply

    This article is truly remarkable. The clarity of your writing and the depth of your insights are outstanding. You’ve managed to break down complex topics and present them effectively. I’m grateful for this exceptional piece of work. Cheers, Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  181. Cara Iklan Sewa Apartemen Reply

    Great read and very helpful. Thanks for the share! Cheers, Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  182. Pasang Iklan Sewa Apartemen Reply

    Artikel yang inspiratif, pantas mendapatkan komentar. Salam dari : IDProperti.com | Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  183. Cara Iklan Rumah Kost Reply

    I’m thoroughly impressed by this article. The clarity of your writing and the depth of your analysis are outstanding. Your ability to break down complex concepts and present them clearly is truly commendable. Thank you for such an exceptional read. Regards, Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  184. Properti Pasang Iklan Reply

    It has been viral in Indonesia, Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis has sold out so many listings

  185. Platform Pasang Iklan Properti Reply

    Terima kasih atas artikel yang menarik ini. Salam kenal dari : IDProperti.com | Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  186. Cara Iklan Apartemen Reply

    Very well-written article! I appreciate the valuable information and clear presentation. Regards, Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis

  187. Tempat Pasang Iklan Properti Gratis Reply

    Your blog is a beacon of quality content Much appreciated from IDProperticom

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *